Owing to its rich properties and variety of end-uses, together with increased interests in biopolymer and bio-fuels industries, the potential for castor oil to play a much larger role in the world economy has increased dramatically in recent years. It is among the most sought after plant oil mainly due to its rich properties and variety of end-uses. In the advances, castor oil is among the most versatile plant oil owing to its unique chemical structure that makes it useful in a wide range of industries. The advances made during the last decade in using plant oils and basic oleochemicals in the synthesis and production of diverse products including polymers is remarkable. The oil is presently used in sectors such as agriculture, food, textile, paper, plastic, rubber, cosmetics, perfumeries, electronics, pharmaceuticals, paints, inks, additives, lubricants and biofuels. The world-wide increase in castor oil production witnessed in the past decade is a clear testimony of the wide range of applications of castor oil and its derivatives in various sectors. The use of castor oil and ricinoleic acid as green capping agent in the synthesis of nanomaterials is highlighted. The reactions discussed include hydrogenation, pyrolysis, caustic fusion, dehydration, transesterification, sulphonation, and polymerization. Furthermore, some important reactions on converting castor oil into useful products is discussed. This paper reviews on the geographical distribution of castor plants and the world production of castor seeds and castor oil. The reactions of castor oil are becoming of high industrial importance. On the other hand, the hydroxyl functional group at carbon-12, can be acetylated, alkoxylated or removed by dehydration to increase the unsaturation of the oil. The carboxylic group for instance, can lead to a wide range of esterification products while the single point of unsaturation can be altered by hydrogenation, epoxidation or vulcanization. The three functionalities are crucial towards the versatility of the oil for the production of variety of castor oil based products. The chemistry of castor oil is mainly centered on ricinoleic acid due to its high content in the oil and the presence of the three functional groups in the acid. It is now estimated that the oil has over 700 industrial uses and the uses keeps on increasing. The demand for castor oil and its products in the world market has been on the steady increase partly due to their renewable nature, non-competition with food, biodegradability, low costs, and eco-friendliness. The oil can easily be extracted from castor seeds and find its use in a multitude of sectors such as medicine, chemicals industry and in other technologies. The plant produces castor seeds that contain up to 50 % castor oil by weight. The review further highlights on the use of castor oil or ricinoleic acid as a green capping agent in the synthesis of nanomaterials.Ĭastor plant ( Ricinus communis) is from the family Euphorbiaceae and grows wild in varied climatic conditions. The review gives the background information of castor oil and its geographical availability, the properties and its uses as bio-based resource for synthesis of various materials. This review therefore highlights the potential of castor oil in the production of these diverse materials with their projected global market potential. Despite this huge potential, very little has recently been reviewed on the use of castor oil as a bio-resource in the production of functional materials. The oil is thus a potential alternative to petroleum-based starting chemicals for the production of materials with variety of properties. The presence of hydroxyl group, a double bond, carboxylic group and a long chain hydrocarbon in ricinoleic acid (a major component of the oil), offer several possibilities of transforming it into variety of materials. The oil is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters linked to a glycerol. The oil is non-edible and can be extracted from castor seeds from the castor plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. Castor oil is increasingly becoming an important bio-based raw material for industrial applications.
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PST ( UTC−08:00): "just setting up my twttr". Work on the project started on March 21, 2006, when Dorsey published the first Twitter message at 12:50 p.m. The developers initially considered "10958" as the service's short code for SMS text messaging, but later changed it to "40404" for "ease of use and memorability". The decision was also partly due to the fact that the domain was already in use, and it was six months after the launch of twttr that the crew purchased the domain and changed the name of the service to Twitter. The original project code name for the service was twttr, an idea that Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass, inspired by Flickr and the five-character length of American SMS short codes. Jack Dorsey, then an undergraduate student at New York University, introduced the idea of an individual using an SMS service to communicate with a small group. Twitter's origins lie in a "daylong brainstorming session" held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. 2006, by Jack Dorsey, envisioning an SMS-based social network On May 12, 2023, Musk announced that he will resign as CEO in approximately six weeks, and Linda Yaccarino, the former head of ad sales for NBCUniversal, would become the new CEO. On December 20, 2022, Musk announced he would step down as CEO once a replacement had been found. Since the acquisition, the platform has been criticized for facilitating an increase in content containing hate speech. On October 27, 2022, business magnate Elon Musk acquired Twitter for US$44 billion, gaining control of the platform. In 2020, it was estimated that approximately 48 million accounts (15% of all accounts) were fake. In practice, the vast majority of tweets are tweeted by a minority of users. By the start of 2019, Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet". By 2012, more than 100 million users tweeted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. was based in San Francisco, California and had more than 25 offices around the world. Twitter was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams in March 2006 and launched in July of that year. Users interact with Twitter through browser or mobile frontend software, or programmatically via its APIs. Registered users can tweet, like, " retweet" tweets, and direct message (DM) other registered users, while unregistered users only have the ability to view public tweets. On Twitter users post texts, photos and videos known as "tweets". Twitter users outside the United States are legally served by the Ireland-based Twitter International Unlimited Company, which makes these users subject to Irish and European Union data protection laws. Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company X Corp., the legal successor of Twitter, Inc. The bidding player determines the Trump (the selected trump is shown in the lower left corner) and has to take the promised amount of tricks. The aim of the game is to guess the number of tricks he can get before the game starts and try to get at least as many tricks. You use nicknames in our games, even if you connect with Facebook, your name or photo will not be visible. You don't have to buy separate features and credits for each game. The features or credits you get are valid in all our games, whether you play from your computer or mobile. With premium services, you can customize your membership and you can be different. Lobby, table and private chats are at your disposal. You can meet new people, chat and make friends. It is difficult to both play games and text, now you can call your friends, chat while playing games. Our aim is for you to have fun, to experience the best this app experience with our application. In the games we have prepared with years of experience, everything is where it should be, in the right dosage, neither more nor less. Moreover, free bonus credits that you can play dozens of games every day. If the excitement in games with points is not enough for you, we have games with credits. You can play as many point games as you want without paying any fee. this app Online, played by millions since 2000, is now on your phone and it's FREE. Discovering the right Games app for your needs is hard, which is why we are happy to give you Spades - Online from GTech. Where it says "After last keystroke, wait (seconds)", increase the slider to 3.0. Open Plugins→Plugin Options and double-click Sidekick→Generate. Since parsing can slow down your computer a bit, you might want to make it so it waits a couple of seconds after the last keystroke before parsing. Under Plugins→Sidekick you can tick off "Parse on Keystroke" to automatically re-parse the XML (and find errors) for every keystroke. This might happen if the path is wrong in the schema.xml file shown above.Ĭlicking Plugins→Sidekick→Sidekick and the Parse button will give you an updated "tree view" of your XML file.Ĭlicking Plugins→ErrorList→Error List will show you a list of XML validation errors. If you see that obvious errors not detected after opening a dix file, click Plugins→XML→Set Schema, and open the "dix.rng" file you created in the previous step. dix file should now automatically associate it with dix.rng, giving error-checking and validation. dix file, open ~/.jedit/plugins/xml.XmlPlugin/schemas.xml and paste something like this into it To automatically use dix.rng on opening a. for Output path, select some folder in your home directory and type "dix.rng" click OK.for Input path, choose the file "dix.dtd" in the folder trunk/apertium/apertium/ (it might also be in /usr/local/share/apertium/ if you installed apertium to the standard path, or you could get it from ).click Plugins→XML→Translate Schema using Trang.start jedit and click Plugins→Plugin Manager, click the Install tab, wait for the list to fill up, and tick XML and click Install.install jEdit ( sudo apt-get install jedit on Ubuntu).It's written in Java, and runs on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. JEdit is a FOSS programmer's editor with a good XML plugin that does validation. You have to install the public key with which the repository is signed.Īpt-key adv -keyserver -recv-keys E6A233DBE3AFBEFC The repository is now also secured and signed. Then, just run apt-get update, followed by To install jEdit via Debian Linux apt-get (this is also for any Debian based Distros like Ubuntu),Īdd the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list: deb /.Users can install jEdit from the portage tree by running FreeBSD users can find install jEdit from the ports collection by running:.You would enter: java -jar /Applications/jEdit/jedit.jar Option 2 - easy install on some flavors of *nix Terminal to start jEdit: java -jar / where you installed jEdit/jedit.jarįor example, if you installed jEdit in /Applications/jEdit, Once jEdit is installed, type the following in In text only mode, the installer will notĭisplay it's GUI, and instead it will ask questions in the Text-only mode, specify text as the last parameter on theĬommand line. First, click the Apple logo in the top left corner of your Mac Desktop and select System Preferences, then select Extensions in the top-level menu (shown in the 3rd row from the top). If for whatever reason you want to start the installer in If you’re on OSX 10.10 or higher, get sync status directly from Finder by enabling Finder overlays in Settings. ~/Documents, you would enter: cd ~/Documents In Terminal: cd directory where you downloaded the JAR fileįor example, if you downloaded jedit40install.jar into To start the java installer for jEdit, enter the following To allow jEdit to run, either lower your security settings in "System Preferences -> Security"Īnd allow all apps to run, or Ctrl+click or right-click jEdit.app and choose "Open".Īs soon as jEdit was run once, Mac OS forgets about its downloaded state and allows it This is a new security feature called Gatekeeper that only allowsĪpps from App Store or signed by a certificate issued by Apple for 100 USD per year. Simply run the jEdit application in the jEdit folder, and code away.īeware: From 10.8 on your Mac will tell you that jEdit is damaged and you should move it to the trash. When the jEdit drive image appears on your desktop, copy the jEdit folder on it to your. When the jEdit drive image appears on your desktop,Ĭopy the jEdit folder on it to your Applications folder Once youve downloaded the Mac OS X package, open jEdit.dmg. Once you've downloaded the Mac OS X package, open jEdit.dmg. Installation instructions are available for the following operating systems: Do not use yourīrowser's "Download Link" command on the above links. To pages where you can select a download mirror. Note: the above links are not to the files themselves, but rather Option 1 - manual download and install on any OS Java Runtime version 11 (aka Java 11) or later is required for jEdit 5.6 and later.īefore installing jEdit, make sure you have a compatible Java virtual machine see the compatibility page for details. Java Runtime version 1.8 (aka Java 8) or later is required for jEdit 5.4 and later. Java Runtime version 1.7 (aka Java 7) or later is required for jEdit 5.2 and later. Java Runtime version 1.6 (aka Java 6) or later is required for jEdit 4.4 and later. Last Site Update: 03 September 2020 | Stable Version: 5.6.0 I just had a situation where my table was breaking with the cells before the bottom of the page and leaving a blank spot at the bottom of ONE PAGE in just ONE SECTION of a 30-PAGE TABLE. If desired, you can then adjust the positioning of the columns so that the columns match between the two tables – this isn’t required but you may want to do it if the columns are supposed to be the same throughout. Once you’ve done this, the tables will be joined to make one single table. Experiment with this key combination – I’m sure you will love it. It also works on a single row so you can take one row from one table and move only it to join up with another table or to become a table all of its own. You can also drag one table up or down until it joins but this method is very slick. If you have selected the topmost table, then press Alt + Shift + ↓ until the top table locks onto the table below. Keep pressing the key until the top row that you have selected joins the bottom border of the one above. If the table is underneath the one you want to join it up to, then press Alt + Shift + ↑ to move the table up the document so that it joins the bottom of the table before it. To do this, first select over all the cells in one of the two tables. The solution is simple but way from obvious. Quite often you’ll find that you have two tables in a Word document and you want to join the two together to make just one table. Make sure that neither table (even if they appear identical) is nested inĪdd rows to the first table and copy/paste the content of the secondĬonvert both tables to text, then convert all the text back to a single Make sure that neither table is wrapped (wrapping should be set to Your cells will be merged and you can continue to work on your document.Make sure that the second table doesn't have any rows marked as When you are finished, click the “Done” button. If you need to make any changes to the contents, you can do so at this stage. Once the cells have been merged, check the merged cell for accuracy, and adjust the contents as necessary. The merged cell will contain the contents of the topmost selected cell, and the other cells will be deleted. Then, click the “Merge Cells” button in the toolbar or the “Table” menu. First, select the cells you want to merge. Merging cells in Google Docs is an easy process. This means that the contents of the cells will be combined into a single column with one cell occupying the space of where the other cells used to be. The “Merge vertically” option allows users to merge multiple selected cells into one column. This means that the contents of the cells will be combined into a single row with one cell occupying the space of where the other cells used to be. The “Merge horizontally” option allows users to merge multiple selected cells into one row. This means that the contents of all of the selected cells will be combined into a single united cell. The “Merge all” option allows users to merge multiple selected cells into one larger cell. Step 3: Select the type of merge you want to use This is a great tool for organizing data and making sure everything is aligned correctly. Selecting this option will merge the selected cells on the spreadsheet into one. This will open a drop-down menu with the option to Merge Cells. In order to select this icon, you simply need to click on it. It is represented by two rectangular shapes overlapping one another. The “Merge Cells” icon is an image located in the toolbar at the top of the Google Docs spreadsheet. This is useful for formatting tables or documents. Merging the cells will combine them into a single cell. This will select all the cells to be merged. If the cells are not adjacent, the user should click the first cell and then hold down the “Ctrl” key on a Windows PC or the “Command” key on a Mac and click each additional cell. If the cells to be merged are adjacent (this means they touch each other), the user should click and drag the mouse to highlight all of the cells. Step 1: Select the cells you want to merge We’ll also provide some tips and tricks to help you get the most out of your merged cells. We’ll cover how to select the cells you want to merge, how to merge them, and how to unmerge them if you need to. In this blog post, we’ll walk you through the steps of merging cells in Google Docs. It’s also a great way to create a table of contents or a header for your document. Merging cells in Google Docs is a great way to organize your data and make it easier to read. If you’re looking for a quick and easy way to merge cells in Google Docs, you’ve come to the right place. These can remove a gene, chemical, or trait from a plant when used on a tray, but the plant must have a plant health or endurance higher than 15. Botanogenetic Shears: A tool that requires the Experimental Tools tech.With a full charge, using it on a tray in close range can limit its mutations to a single product, but requires at least 20 plant endurance. It has 3 modes, which can increase plant yields, mutate a plant's stats, or mutate a plant's species. Floral Somatoray: A gun that requires the botany tech in order to produce.Tools that require techs for use in botany. Portable Seed Extractor: This can harvest and pick up plants and turn up to 100 plants into seeds.All-In-One Grinder: This is how you extract reagents from plants - throw them in and hit the "grind" button.Secateurs: Can be used on a fully grown and harvest-able plant once to obtain a plant graft.Spade: Removes and destroys plants in a tray.Shovel: Digs up grass floors and cleans the dirt.This is also a robust tool that fits in pockets. Hatchet: Chops tower-caps into planks, chops other things.Wrench: Used to move your trays around.Useful for moving those into the fridge or biogenerator. Plant Bag: Collects up to 50 items or 100 seeds from your harvest.Shows plant and tray chemical contents and production traits. Prevents you from switching places or being pushed when colliding with people. Left-clicking people with an empty hand will Harm them if on, or Help them if off. It doesn't matter if Combat Mode Enable with 4, disable with 1 or toggle with F by default. Red (middle): High weed, pest or toxicity levels.Red: Low health, caused by toxins/lack of nutrients/low water/end of lifespan.Trays come equipped with alerts that flash specific colors to tell you what's happening with your plant. They are also bothered by pests and weeds. Plants require nutrients (fertilizer) and water to grow. The northern area is where you can grab most of the equipment needed to work in botany. In tandem is the seed dispenser used to reproduce your product. The bio-generator can be used to grind plants and produce things for the station. Trays are available where you grow plants and two vending machines, one with seeds and the other with miscellaneous items such as nutrients and tools for your job. The big section is where you'll spend most of your time growing goods. Latest video tutorial can be found here (made in May, 2020). Without botany, the food choices will be limited. Botanists grow plants that the Chef can use for food. Hydroponics and the Botanists who work there are important to the station, especially on longer rounds. 8.11 Things You Can Make Out of Your Plants.8.10 The Toiletbong (Getting high with style). Swap this tile with the one in the top right.īottom Right: Drag the bowl and fruit outline to the top right Second Fruit. Zoom in 4 times on the flames, until you reach a close-up corner of Gorogoa. Zoom out twice to see some ruins and a boy on crutches. Drag the bowl and fruit outline to the bottom right. When the boy has placed the blue bowl down, zoom in once more. Drag the frame of the sign to the bottom left.īottom Right: Drag the garden archway to the bottom left.īottom Left: After the boy walks through to the garden, zoom in twice to the statues. Scroll to the left, then zoom in further on the sign. Top Left: After the boy enters the top doorway, drag the frame back to the bottom right, and he will walk out to the balcony, then continue right.īottom Right: Click on the sign and the view will scroll right, where the boy notices an archway has been bricked over he will walk back to the left. Top Left: After the boy enters the doorway, drag the frame back to the bottom right, and he will climb the stairs to the left tower.īottom Right: Zoom in on the buildings in the back to see a new doorway on the left. Top Left: Zoom out, then zoom in on the 2 towers connected by a stairway.īottom Right: Zoom out and you will see the creature in the background again. If you load this chapter directly, it begins with a bird flying away from the branch at the top left, as the red fruit falls from the top right into the bowl at the bottom right. Top Left: Scroll left from the door with the red symbol, then zoom in on the bird after it lands on the branch.īottom Left: Zoom in twice on the blue bowl, then the red apple will fall into the bowl First Fruit. Zoom out of the closet, then into the painting of the apple. Top Right: Drag the boy down to the frame below, and you will see him thinking about the red symbol. Drag the door frame to the top right, overlying the boy in the closet, and he will walk outside. Top Left: Zoom in on the city view with the red symbol on a door. Top Right: Zoom out of the window frame, then scroll right to see the boy in his closet. Top Left: Drag the white window frame to the top right. Zoom out and you will now have access to 4 tiles. Click on the colorful creature diagram, then on the blue bowl twice. Zoom out, then wait as the boy flips through his book. This chapter begins with a single scene of a colorful creature making its way through a village. SRT files can be edited at a later date, or uploaded to platforms including LinkedIn, YouTube, or Facebook. You can also export your subtitles as a side-car file in one of the more popular formats including SRT, SCC, STL, and more. Closed Caption Creator can also import, and modify existing subtitle files. Closed Caption Creator ($) Closed Caption Creator is a closed captioning and subtitle editor with advanced options including Automatic Subtitles, Spell check, Smart Formatting, and more.Read about Easy YouTube Caption Creator on the Accessify blog or watch the Easy YouTube Caption Createor Screencast, also from (Subtitle Horse was used to convert timing information for Equal Access in the Classroom's Timed TextĪ simple tool (designed for easy of use in mind) used to create captions for YouTube videos. subtitle horse is highly customisable: Subtitles can be created by beginners as well as professionals. Features include realtime validation, an interactive timeline, shortcuts and many more. Subtitle Horse SHIRE is a browser-based captions editor for subtitling videos online. Subtitle Horse (Free version available). Use this tool to repair your SRT file before importing it to Subtitle Workshop. Online script that replaces missing zeroes in SRT files exported from dotSUB. Use DCMP's simple copy & paste dotSUB tool to convert SBV subtitles to SRT TheĭotSUB caption file can be exported to a SRT format for use with Subtitle Workshop. Includes a couple video tutorials) provides a handy introduction to the service.Īllows people from around the world to create caption files in multiple languages for streaming videos. Slightly more integrated with YouTube than the others, and features a convenient export tool which allows you toĮ-mail the captions to a video’s owner (if you’re captioning for someone else) or download a. User interface and multi-language capability similar to many of the other resources identified below. Do it, just make stuff and you'll soon find out.Jack of all trades? Give them a little time and you'll see that Simplified has become Master of all.The latest CIY tool, CaptionTube has a clean (and simple) Like any saas, you got to get under the bonnet to fully exploit it. and what they have in the pipeline is exciting. No doubt they'll be criticised by some for having too much of too many tools, but they're going for it. And boy, did these guys lap it up?! At the time of writing the scheduler is not yet live, but I somehow know it will be plenty for my clients and me, based on their track record. If I could offer UX and other useful suggestions, maybe I could get the tool that meets all of my use cases. Many would run a mile and stick to Canva, Jarvis, etc but I saw this as an opportunity. But these guys listen and make it clear that the platform was using hashtag #BuildInPublic - I liked that. Yeah, when I started it was confusing, buggy, and had so much going on. Four tools in one, streamlining my workflow and allowing me to unsubscribe from various other tools - saving me tonnes of cash. Get this > Simplified is an AI writer, graphic design tool, video editor and social media scheduler. Have been using Simplified for a couple of months now and blown away by the non-stop development and customer care. It offers to try PDFsam Enhanced with two free modules to view and create PDF files. Print document from command line /print "C:\documents\file1. Windows downloader (.exe) Download and install PDFsam Basic on Windows systems. PDF File Merge tool merge PDF files into a. A zoom percent of 100 will show the actual size of the document page. PDF Merge Software Aryson PDF Merge software allows you to combine, join, or merge multiple PDF files into One. 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Not surprisingly, Valve is also promoting OpenGL in various ways the same link also has a video from a couple weeks back at Steam Dev Days covering the same topic. (Short summary: DX was able to push new features into the API and get them working faster than OpenGL in the DX8/9/10/11 days.) Anyway, if you have an interest in graphics programming (or happen to be a game developer), you can find a full set of 130 slides from the presentation on NVIDIA's blog. It almost makes you wonder why we ever settled for DirectX in the first place-particularly considering many developers felt DirectX code was always a bit more complex than OpenGL code. Even without fine tuning, they note that in general OpenGL code is around 1.3X faster than DirectX. There's also the increasing support of Linux and OS X, making a cross-platform grapics API even more desirable.Īt the Game Developers Conference 2014, in a panel including NVIDIA's Cass Everitt and John McDonald, AMD's Graham Sellers, and Intel's Tim Foley, explanations and demonstrations were given suggesting OpenGL could unlock as much as a 7X to 15X improvement in performance. smartphones and tablets use a subset called OpenGL ES-the ES being for "Embedded Systems") we're seeing a bit of a resurgence in OGL use. Today, the vast majority of Windows games run on DirectX, but with mobile platforms predominantly using variants of OpenGL (i.e. As Microsoft continued to add features to DX, and with a healthy dose of marketing muscle, the subject mostly faded away after a few years. I was around back in the days of the flame wars between OGL and DX1/2/3 devotees, with id Software's John Carmack and others weighing in on behalf of OGL at the time. OpenGL debates-and we can toss AMD's Mantle into the mix in place of Glide (RIP 3dfx). With the announcement of DirectX 12 features like low-level programming, it appears we're having a revival of the DirectX vs. |
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